Tuesday, June 27, 2000
History today -- 8:37 am CST, Update by The Master
- 1829: In Genoa, Italy, English scientist James Smithson died after a long illness, leaving behind a will with an interesting clause. In the event that his only nephew died without any heirs, Smithson decreed that the whole of his estate go to "the United States of America, to found at Washington, under the name of the Smithsonian Institution, an Establishment for the increase and diffusion of knowledge."
- 1844: Mormon leader Joseph Smith and his brother, Hyrum, were killed by a mob in Carthage, Ill.
- 1847: New York and Boston were linked by telegraph wires.
- 1862: Battle of Gaines' Mill (First Cold Harbor), Virginia.
- 1865: Battle of Kennesaw Mountain, Georgia.
- 1893: The New York stock market crashed.
- 1929: Researchers at the Bell Telephone Lab in New York City gave the first public demonstration of color television.
- 1940: The Germans set up two-way radio communication in their newly occupied French territory, employing their most sophisticated coding machine, Enigma, to transmit information.
- 1942: The FBI announced the capture of eight Nazi saboteurs who had been put ashore from a submarine on New York's Long Island.
- 1944: American forces completed their capture of the French port of Cherbourg from the Germans.
- 1950: President Truman ordered the Air Force and Navy into the Korean conflict after the U.N. Security Council called on member nations to help South Korea repel a communist invasion.
- 1957: More than 500 people were killed when Hurricane Audrey slammed through coastal Louisiana and Texas.
- 1973: Former White House counsel John W. Dean told the Senate Watergate Committee about an "enemies list" kept by the Nixon White House.
- 1980: President Carter signed legislation reviving draft registration.
- 1985: Legendary Route 66, which originally stretched from Chicago to Santa Monica, Calif., passed into history as officials decertified the road.
- 1990: NASA announced that a flaw in the orbiting Hubble Space Telescope was preventing the instrument from achieving optimum focus.
- 1991: Associate Justice Thurgood Marshall, who in 1967 became the first African American to sit on the U.S. Supreme Court, retired after serving on the nation’s highest court for twenty-four years.
- 1995: The space shuttle Atlantis blasted off on a historic flight to link up with Russia's space station Mir and bring home American astronaut Norman Thagard.
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